.Net Core Web Api_筆記01

 

.net core web api

可以和任何前端Client端技術或框架(javascript , jQuery , Vue , React , Angular)做結合

藉由URL請求來實現資料添加、更新、刪除以及查詢等操作

甚至跟其他程式語言(PHP , Node.Js)交換溝通因為都是透過HTTP在做交流

啟用OPEN API可以暫時勾消

新創建出來的專案

可以觀察到只會有Controllers文件夾

不像MVC會再多出Models , Views

啟動預設範例執行結果

因為web api 不需要View視圖(也無法回傳view)

僅作資料回傳

預設範本的WeatherForecastController.cs
code部分

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace MyApiTest1.Controllers
{
    [ApiController]
    [Route("[controller]")]
    public class WeatherForecastController : ControllerBase
    {
        private static readonly string[] Summaries = new[]
        {
            "Freezing", "Bracing", "Chilly", "Cool", "Mild", "Warm", "Balmy", "Hot", "Sweltering", "Scorching"
        };

        private readonly ILogger<WeatherForecastController> _logger;

        public WeatherForecastController(ILogger<WeatherForecastController> logger)
        {
            _logger = logger;
        }

        [HttpGet]
        public IEnumerable<WeatherForecast> Get()
        {
            var rng = new Random();
            return Enumerable.Range(1, 5).Select(index => new WeatherForecast
            {
                Date = DateTime.Now.AddDays(index),
                TemperatureC = rng.Next(-20, 55),
                Summary = Summaries[rng.Next(Summaries.Length)]
            })
            .ToArray();
        }
    }
}

有使用[ApiController] attribute修飾
代表該Controller為api 控制器

而在Program.cs中的Main()跟.net core mvc一樣程式進入點

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace MyApiTest1
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            CreateHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
        }

        public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
            Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
                .ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
                {
                    webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
                });
    }
}

主要用於web api應用初始化時候要做的配置

在Startup.cs 啟動class程式文件中

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace MyApiTest1
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {

            services.AddControllers();
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
            {
                endpoints.MapControllers();
            });
        }
    }
}

基本上跟MVC沒有太大差異同樣也是在ConfigureServices方法中將服務注入
這裡別於MVC僅注入Controllers服務而已

在.NET Core MVC中的ConfigureServices

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
    services.AddControllersWithViews();
}

在.NET Core WebAPI中的ConfigureServices

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{

    services.AddControllers();
}